The risk of viral transmission for albumin products is extremely low. Plasma donors undergo screening and products are tested for the presence of viral antigen. During the manufacture process, there are viral inactivation and pathogen reduction strategies to minimise further the risk of viral transmission.
Despite these measures, such products may still potentially transmit viral infection and theoretically Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease. The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. Blood Transfusion Toggle section navigation In this section Blood Transfusion Consent and patient information Blood provision About blood products Blood administration Special transfusions Reactions and incidents Patient blood management and guidelines Education and training Forms Contact us.
In this section Blood Transfusion Consent and patient information Blood provision About blood products Blood administration Special transfusions Reactions and incidents Patient blood management and guidelines Education and training Forms Contact us. Albumin Administration. Albumin Administration Albumin human prescription and administration guideline This document guides how to prescribe, order, administer and manage patients receiving intravenous albumin at the RCH Description Albumin is manufactured from human plasma.
Administration and documentation Two clinicians must independently complete the patient and blood product identification check at the bedside. Albumin is packed in a glass bottle and must be vented during use. Reactions Adverse reactions to albumin solutions are usually mild and transient. Pathogen safety The risk of viral transmission for albumin products is extremely low.
Its effectiveness in reversing hypovolemia depends largely upon its ability to draw interstitial fluid into the circulation. It is most effective in patients who are well hydrated. When blood volume deficit is the result of hemorrhage, compatible red blood cells or whole blood should be administered as quickly as possible. The dose required depends on the body weight of the patient, the severity of trauma or illness and on continuing fluid and protein losses. Measures of adequacy of circulating volume and not plasma albumin levels should be used to determine the dose required.
If adequate response stabilization of circulation is not achieved within 15 to 30 minutes, an additional dose may be given. In spite of limited information about the efficacy in pediatric subjects, an intravenous infusion of 2. If hemorrhage has occurred, this may result in relative anemia. This condition should be controlled by the supplemental administration of compatible red blood cells or compatible whole blood.
Hypoalbuminemia is usually accompanied by a hidden extravascular albumin deficiency of equal magnitude. This total body albumin deficit must be considered when determining the amount of albumin necessary to reverse the hypoalbuminemia. In burns, therapy usually starts with the administration of large volumes of crystalloid injection to maintain plasma volume. Prior to administration, parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for turbidity and discoloration, whenever solution and container permit.
Once the infusion container has been opened the contents should be used immediately. Discard the unused portion. The infusion rate should be adjusted according to the individual circumstances and the indication.
In plasma exchange during paracentesis, the infusion rate may be higher and should be adjusted to the rate of removal. If large volumes greater than ml are administered, the product should be warmed to room temperature before use.
Do not use in individuals who are hypersensitive to albumin preparations, any ingredient in the formulation, or components of the container.
Hypersensitivity or allergic reactions have been observed, and may in some cases progress to severe anaphylaxis. At the first clinical signs of possible cardiovascular overload, e. Albumin should be used with caution in conditions where hypervolemia and its consequences or hemodilution could represent a special risk for the patient. Examples of such conditions are:. When albumin is given, monitor the electrolyte status of the patient and take appropriate steps to restore or maintain the electrolyte balance.
If comparatively large volumes are to be replaced, monitoring of coagulation and hematocrit is necessary. Ensure adequate substitution of other blood constituents coagulation factors, electrolytes, platelets and erythrocytes.
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